Zosangalatsa zimakonda kusewera ndi zoseweretsa: onani zomwe zimawoneka

Phunziroli likuwonetsa kwa nthawi yoyamba kuti tizilombo titha kusewera ndi mipira yaying'ono yamatabwa. Kodi izi zikunena chilichonse chokhudza malingaliro awo?
Monisha Fersetti ndi wolemba sayansi wa CNE. Amakambirana za kusintha kwa nyengo, malo ma spake, mabatani a masamu, maboti a dinosaur, mabowo akuda, supernovae, ndipo nthawi zina umayeserera fanizo. M'mbuyomu, anali mtolankhani wa Science kuti ayambe kufalitsa nthawi yomwe maphunzirowa, ndipo izi zisanachitike, iye anali wovina wa immunology ku Weill Cornell Medical ku New York. Mu 2018, adamaliza maphunziro aku New York University ndi digiri ya Bacheloprop ya nzeru, sayansi, ndi chemistry. Akakhala pa desiki yake, amayesa (ndipo amalephera) kuti akonzekere ku FNAST FAS. Makanema omwe amawakonda ndi dunkilk ndi marseille mu nsapato.
Kodi ma bumbwemba amatseka njira yanu kupita kunyumba ndi galimoto? palibe vuto. Phunziro latsopano limapereka njira yosangalatsa komanso yosangalatsa kwambiri yowathamangitsira. Apatseni nyama mpira wamtengo wapatali ndipo amatha kusangalala ndikukuwongoletsani pakuyenda kwanu.
Lachinayi, gulu la ofufuza linapereka umboni kuti mabatani okwirira, monga anthu, amasangalala kusewera ndi zida zosangalatsa.
Pambuyo potenga nawo mbali mu zoyesa 45 zoyesera zingapo, zinaonekeratu kuti njuchi zinkakumana ndi mavuto mobwerezabwereza, ngakhale kuti analibe chidwi chodziwikiratu pa izi. Mwanjira ina, njuchi zimawoneka kuti zikuchitika "ndi mpira. Komanso, monga anthu, njuchi zimakhala ndi zaka akataya kudya.
Malinga ndi nkhani yomwe imafalitsidwa mwezi watha mubwano lanyama, njuchi zazing'ono zimakulunga mipira yambiri kuposa njuchi zokalamba, monga momwe mungayembekezere ana kuti azisewera masewera kuposa akuluakulu. Gululinso lidawonanso kuti njuchi zamphongo zidagubuduza mpira wautali kuposa njuchi zazikazi. (Koma osatsimikiza ngati izi zikugwira ntchito ku machitidwe a anthu.)
"Phunziroli limapereka umboni wokwanira wotsimikiza kuti nzeru zachilengedwe za Mfumukazi ku Romani University wa London, yemwe adatsogolera phunziroli. "Pali nyama zambiri zomwe zimangosewera mosangalatsa, koma zitsanzo zambiri ndizovuta zachinyamata ndi mbalame."
Kudziwa kuti tizilombo timakonda kusewera ndikofunikira, chifukwa zimatipatsa mwayi woganiza kuti mwina angamve zambiri. Izi zimadzutsa mafunso ofunikira pazomwe timawachitira. Kodi timalemekeza nyama zopanda mphamvu momwe tingathere? Kodi tidzilembetsa monga zanzeru?
Frans BM de Waal, wolemba buku la Edgellizani ndife anzeru kuti tidziwe momwe nyama zimanenera mwachidule kuti "chifukwa nyama sizingathe kuyankhula, malingaliro awo amakanidwa."
Izi zitha kukhala zowona makamaka njuchi. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wa 2011 wopezeka kuti njuchi zimasintha mu ubongo wa ubongo pomwe adadzutsidwa kapena kungogwedezeka ndi ofufuzawo. Zosintha izi zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi nkhawa, kukhumudwa, komanso mikhalidwe ina yamaganizidwe ena yomwe timagwiritsidwa ntchito poona anthu ndi ziweto zina, komabe, sitingamakambirere, nthawi zambiri sitiganiza kuti ali ndi malingaliro.
"Tikusonyeza umboni wowonjezereka.
Ndikutanthauza, penyani kanemayo pansipa ndipo muwona kuti chipolopolo cha njuchi chikugudubuza mozungulira pa mpira ngati mabwato. Ndizokongola kwambiri komanso zotsekemera kwambiri chifukwa tikudziwa kuti zimangochita chifukwa ndizosangalatsa.
Chitta ndi asayansi ena adayika mabungwe 45 m'mabwalo ndipo kenako adawawonetsa mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana momwe angasankhire kapena kukhala "kusewera".
Pakuyesera kamodzi, tizilombo tinadina ndi zipinda ziwiri. Choyamba chili ndi mpira wosuntha, winayo ndi wopanda kanthu. Monga momwe akuyembekezera, njuchi zimakonda zipinda zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuyenda kwa mpira.
Nthawi inanso, njuchi zimatha kusankha njira yopanda yopanda kudyetsa kapena kupatuka panjira kupita kumalo ndi mpira wamatabwa. Anthu ambiri amasankha dziwe la mpira. M'malo mwake, pakuyesera, kachilombo kakang'ono kanagubuduza mpira kuchokera pa 1 mpaka 117.
Pofuna kupewa kusakaniza mitundu, ofufuzawo adayesa kudzipatula pa masewera a mpira. Mwachitsanzo, sanadalitse njuchi pakusewera ndi mpira ndikuchotsa kuthekera kotero kuti adasokonezeka kwambiri m'chipinda chosakhala mpira.
"Ndizosangalatsa ndipo nthawi zina wofufuza ku University Samadi Galamuki," Woyang'anira wa ku Mayi wa Mary Samadi Galamuki, "Woyambitsa Wotsogolera pa phunziroli, adanena. Kukula kang'ono ndi ubongo waung'ono, ndizoposa zolengedwa zokongoletsa. "
"Mwinanso amakumana ndi vuto lalikulu m'maganizo, ngakhale chinthu chodabwitsa, monga nyama zina zazikulu kapena nyama zokulirapo," galpage idapitilirabe. "Kupeza kumeneku kuli ndi tanthauzo pakumvetsetsa kwathu malingaliro a tiziganizo komanso kukhala bwino ndipo kumatilimbikitsa kuti tilemekeze ndi kuteteza moyo padziko lapansi."