Kuwongolera ma pulasitiki mu nkhani yazakuti: Mitundu, Chitetezo, ndi Kukhazikika

Phukusi lakhala zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga mwachisomo, kuwongolera makampani kwazaka zambiri. Kuchokera pazomwe zikugwirizana ndi mabatani,zoseweretsa pulasitikiali paliponse chifukwa cha kusintha kwawo, kukhazikika, komanso kuperewera. Zina mwazodziwika bwino kwambiri, monga Lego, matror, hasher, asodzi, akhungu, komanso mawilo otentha, apanga kupambana kwawo pazinthu zapulasitiki. Koma kodi pulasitiki ndi chiyani? Chifukwa chiyani imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani adoki? Ndipo zovuta zake zachilengedwe zimakhala chiyani? Tiyeni tidzilowe mu chilichonse chomwe muyenera kudziwa za mapulaneti kuti mupange chidole.

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Kodi pulasitiki ndi chiyani?

Pulasitiki ndi zinthu zopangidwa kuchokera ku ma polity, omwe ndi maunyolo atatenga mamolekyulu omwe amachokera makamaka ku mafuta a petroleum ndi chilengedwe. Itha kuumbidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale nkhani yabwino pakupanga zoseweretsa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pulasitiki, monga plastics yoyambirira monga pvc, ab, ndi polyethylene, amapereka malo apadera omwe amathandizira zonyansa zosiyanasiyana. Tilowa zambiri m'magawo otsatirawa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki kofala mu zoseweretsa za m'ma 1900, kuzisintha zinthu zachilengedwe ngati matabwa, chitsulo, ndi nsalu. Pofika ukadaulo woumba jakisoni mu 1940s ndi 1950s, opanga chidole cha chidole amatha kupatsa zoseweretsa pulasitiki komanso zotsika mtengo, ndikuwonetsa era yagolide m'mafashoni. Komabe, monga zoseweretsa pulasitiki zinakhala pa dziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimadetsa nkhawa, kukhazikika, komanso kubwezeretsanso.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani mapulaneti ali otchuka munthawi ya chidole?

Phukusi lasintha makampani onyansa pazifukwa zingapo:

•Kulimba: Mosiyana ndi mitengo kapena nsalu, pulasitiki imatha kupirira kuyendetsa bwino, kunyamula zoseweretsa.
•Kuophya: Kupanga pulasitiki ndikotsika mtengo, opanga opanga kupanga zoseweretsa pamitengo yotsika.
•Kusiyanasiyana: Pulasitiki imatha kuumbidwa mu mawonekedwe aliwonse, kulola kukhazikika kwa zikopa.
•Chitetezo: Phukusi lambiri ndizopepuka komanso zopanda pake, kuchepetsa zoopsa zovulaza.
•Yosavuta kuyeretsa: Zoseweretsa pulasitiki ndizosagwirizana ndi madzi ndipo zimatha kutsukidwa mosavuta, ndikuwonetsetsa ukhondo.

Tsopano, tiyeni tiwone mwatsatanetsatane mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chidole.

Ndi mitundu yanji ya mapulaneti omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poseweretsa?

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pulasitiki yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chidole, aliyense akupereka mawonekedwe ake:

• Abs (acrylonile butadiene stylene)

Abs ndi pulasitiki yolimba kwambiri komanso pulasitiki yodziwika bwino chifukwa cha kulimba mtima kwake komanso kulimba. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazoseweretsa zomwe zimafunikira kugwira ntchito kosatha, monga njerwa za LegoZithunzi. Sikuti ndi toxic ndipo imapereka kumaliza kosalala, komwe kumawonjezera chidwi cha Toy.

• PVC (Polyvinyl chloride)

PVC ndi pulasitiki yosinthika komanso yofewa yomwe imapezeka mu zidole, zoseweretsa zotheka, ndikufinya zoseweretsa. Ndi mtengo wokwera mtengo komanso wopanda madzi, ndikupangitsa kukhala bwino pazakunja ndi kusamba. Komabe, PVC mwachikhalidwe zitha kukhala ndi PhtatesZiwerengero za PVCKuchokera ku zoseweretsa za Weijn.

• yuni (yofewa pvc)

Vinyl, nthawi zambiri mawonekedwe a PVC yofewa, ndi nkhani yotchuka ya ziwerengero, zidole, ndiZoseweretsa za Vinyl. Zimapereka kusinthasintha, kapangidwe kosalala, komanso kuthekera kofotokoza zambiri, ndikupanga kukhala zabwino kwa ma pivini apamwamba kwambiri. Zoseweretsa zamakono za vinyl zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zaulere za phthalate kuti zitsimikizike.

• PP (polypropylene)

PP ndi yopepuka, pulasitiki yopanda mankhwala yomwe imapirira kutentha kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto a chidole, zotengera, ndi mabokosi osungira. Ngakhale kuli kolimba, kumatha kukhala kopanda tanthauzo pang'ono kutentha kwambiri.

• pe (polyethylene - hdpe & ldpe)

Pe ndi imodzi mwazithunzi zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake komanso kukhazikika kwake. HDPE (Kwambiri-Phalveylene) ndi yovuta komanso yopanda tanthauzo, pomwe LDEP (yotsika-polyethylene) ndi yofewa komanso yosinthika. Per imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambirichidole chonyansaKukhazikika, kufinya zoseweretsa, ndi chidole cha chidole.

• Pet (polyethylene terefite)

Pet ndi pulasitiki yamphamvu, yowoneka bwino yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chidole ndi mabotolo. Imabwezeretsanso komanso yopepuka koma imatha kuwononga nthawi mobwerezabwereza pakuwonekera kwa dzuwa ndi kutentha. Pet nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa chifukwa cha kumveka kwake komanso kuwonongeka kwa chakudya.

• TPR (HERMOPLAS rabar)

TPR imapanga kusinthasintha kwa mphira ndi kutsata pulasitiki, ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale bwino kwa zoseweretsa zofewa ndi zonyezimira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogona, otambasuka, ndi ziwalo zowonjezera. TPR siyosanthu ya poizoni ndi hypoallergenic, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chotetezeka kwa zoseweretsa za ana.

• Tsimikizani

Unsure imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zoseweretsa, zifaniziro, ndi mitundu yapadera. Mosiyana ndi mapulaneti ena, ma rentin nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma batch ang'onoang'ono ndikupereka zambiri. Komabe, amatha kukhala osalimba komanso okwera mtengo poyerekeza ndi mapulasti ena.

• Biopistics (Pla, Peter)

Biopistics amapangidwa kuchokera ku magwero osinthika ngati a Cornstarch ndi nzimbe, ndikuwapanga njira zina zochenjezera kwa eco-zochezeka ndi mapulaneti wamba. Alipo biodegrable ndipo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga zidole zokhazikika. Komabe, bioplastics imakhala yodula ndipo siyingakhale yofanana nthawi zonse kukhazikika kwa pulasitiki.

• Eva (Ethyne Vinyl Acetate)

Pulogalamu yofewa, ya mphira ngati nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pachifuwa, zoseweretsa zoseweretsa, komanso zida zofewa. Ndi zopepuka, zosinthika, komanso zopanda poizoni.

• Polyirethane (pu)

Wopezeka mu zoseweretsa zofewa, mipira yopsinjika, ndi kutupa kwa zoseweretsa. Chithovu cha pu.

• Polystyrene (PS & Hips)

Pulogalamu yolimba ndi kufupika nthawi zina imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chidole, mitundu yachitsanzo, zoseweretsa pulasitiki zotsika mtengo. Mphamvu zowopsa za polystyrene (m'chiuno) ndi kusintha kokhazikika.

• Acetal (pom - polyoxymethylene)

Pulasitiki yogwira ntchito kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zidole zamagetsi monga magiya ndi mafupa chifukwa cha kuvala koyenera komanso kukangana pang'ono.

• Nylon (Pa - Polyamide)

Pulogalamu yamphamvu, pulasitiki yolimbana ndi pulasitiki imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazigawo zina zomwe zimafunikira kulimba kwambiri, monga magiya, othamanga, ndi zigawo zosunthika.

Kodi pulasitiki yabwino kwambiri yoseweretsa chiyani?

Pankhani yosankha pulasitiki yabwino kwambiri yoseweretsa, opanga ayenera kuganizira zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhudza chitetezo cha chidolecho, chitakwezedwa, mawonekedwe a chilengedwe, komanso apilo yonse. Mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana amapatsa zabwino komanso zovuta zina kutengera mtundu wa chidole chomwe chikupangidwa, gulu lakage, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito. Pansipa, timasokoneza malingaliro ofunikira posankha pulasitiki yabwino kwambiri yoseweretsa.

1. Chitetezo ndi zoopsa

Kuonetsetsa kuti chitetezo cha ana ndichofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mawonekedwe. Zida za pulasitiki zabwino kwambiri zoseweretsa ziyenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yokhazikika ndikumasulidwa ku mankhwala oyipa.

Osakhala Offic ndi Hypoallergenic: Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zoseweretsa sizikhala ndi zinthu zopweteka monga Phtates, BPA, kapena kutsogolera, zomwe zingakhale zovulaza ngati zingadutse kapena kuzimitsidwa pakhungu. Plastics mongaAbs,TPR, ndipoEvandizotchuka chifukwa chokhala poizoni komanso otetezeka kuti ana ady.
Kutsatira: Zigawo zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi malamulo okhwima pankhani ya chitetezo. Phukusi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pazoseweretsa amayenera kutsatira miyezo monga Astme F963 (USA), En71 (Europe), ndi zofunikira zina zakumkwako kuti zitsimikizire magulu azaka zosiyanasiyana.PvcMwachitsanzo, mwachitsanzo, wasinthidwa m'zaka zaposachedwa kuti athetse zowonjezera zovulaza ngati Phtates, zopanda pake za PVC zoyenera zoseweretsa.

2. Kukhazikika ndi Mphamvu

Zeysy amavala zovala zambiri komanso misozi yambiri, makamaka m'manja mwa ana ang'ono. Zida za pulasitiki zabwino kwambiri zoseweretsa ndi zomwe zimatha kupirira hard, madontho, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali popanda kutaya mawonekedwe kapena magwiridwe antchito.

Kukaniza: Mapulasitiki owoneka ngatiAbs(Acrylonile Buddiene Stylene) amadziwika chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo komanso kutsutsana. Abs amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zoseweretsa ngati zomangira (mwachitsanzo, njerwa za Lego) ndi ziwerengero za zochita chifukwa zimatha kukhazikika madontho komanso kusewera koyipa popanda kuphwanya.
Kuchita nthawi yayitali: Za zoseweretsa zomwe zikufunika kwa zaka zambiri,AbsndiPvcNdi njira zabwino kwambiri. Amapereka chizunzo chokhazikika pomwe pakukhalabe umphumphu.

3. Kusintha ndi kutonthoza

Zovala zina zimafunikira zofota zambiri, zofewa zofewa, makamaka zomwe zidapangidwira ana aang'ono kapena ana ang'onoang'ono. Phukusi lamanja liyenera kukhala labwinobwino kuthana ndi vuto, lotetezeka kuti lizigwira, komanso losavuta kutsutsa.

Zida zofewa komanso zosinthika:TPR(Thermoplastic rabara) ndiEva(Ethylene vinyl acetate) amagwiritsidwa ntchito poseweretsa zoseweretsa zomwe zimafunikira kukhala zofewa komanso zosinthika. TPR nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zoseweretsa, ziwerengero, komanso zoseweretsa ndi zoseweretsa za eva zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zotupa zam'madzi ndi zoseweretsa zopepuka chifukwa cha zopepuka.
Chitonthozo ndi Chitetezo: Zipangizozi ndizabwino popanga zoseweretsa kuti ana amatha kutafuna, kufinya, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ali otetezeka komanso omasuka.

4. Mphamvu zachilengedwe

Zokhudza chilengedwe zimakula, opanga zonunkhira kwambiri akufuna kuti achepetse zachilengedwe posankha zinthu zosakhazikika. Mapulasitiki abwino kwambiri oseweretsa chizolowezi ndi omwe amabwezeretsanso, Biodegradgsed, kapena opangidwa kuchokera ku magwero osinthika.

Kubwezeretsanso: Plastics ngatiChiweto(Polyethylene terepholate) ndiPE(Polyethylene) amabwezeretsanso, zomwe zimathandizira kuchepetsa kuwononga zinyalala ndikulimbikitsa chuma chozungulira.Chiwetonthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chidole ndi mabotolo, pomwePEndizofala pakupanga, kulosera zokoka, ndikufinya zoseweretsa.
Biodegrad ndikukhazikika:Bioplastics, mongaGaleta(Polylactic acid) ndiChitsanzo(Polyhydroxsya Izi pulasitiki izi ndizothandiza, kupereka njira zina zochezera zolimbitsa thupi, ngakhale zimatha kukhala zokwera mtengo kwambiri.
Mphamvu zochepa zachilengedwe: Pomwe zida zongaPvcndiNylonAmagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazoseweretsa, amakhala ndi chilengedwe chapamwamba chifukwa cha kubwezeretsa kwawo ndi zovuta zopanga. Komabe, kupita patsogolo kwa mitundu ya Eco-fluews (mwachitsanzo, phthalate-free pvc) akuthandiza kuchepetsa mawonekedwe ake.

5. Zabwino komanso zomaliza

Kukopa kowoneka ndi kapangidwe ka chidole ndizovuta kuchita bwino, makamaka pankhani ya masonkhane ndi zinthu zothandizira. Phulupi yoyenera iyenera kulola mitundu yokhazikika, yofotokozera mwatsatanetsatane, ndi kumaliza kumaliza.

Mtundu ndi kumaliza:AbsAmapereka mitundu yosalala komanso yokhazikika komanso yosangalatsa, ndikupanga kukhala koyenera kuzolowera zithunzi, kumanga zomangamanga, komanso zoseweretsa.ChonunkhiraKomanso amaperekanso kumaliza bwino ndipo ndi zabwino kuti zipinda zomwe zimafunira zambiri, monga mayunitsi ophatikizika.
Chidziwitso Chabwino: Zoseweretsa zapamwamba kwambiri, zoseweretsa zokhalamo, ma pulasitikiweswendichonunkhiranthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa chokhoza kugwiritsa ntchito bwino. Zipangizozi zimalola kuti zikhale zowoneka bwino komanso zopanga zing'onozing'ono, zimapangitsa kuti azikhala abwino kuti asangalale.

6. Mphamvu

Mtengo nthawi zonse umaganiziridwa mukamasankha pulasitiki yabwino kwambiri yoseweretsa. Opanga ayenera kusamala mapindu ake ndi mtengo wake kuti atsimikizire kuti chidolecho chimakhala chotsika mtengo kwa ogula.

Zotsika mtengo: Plastics ngatiPvc,PE, ndipoEvandi othandiza komanso okonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Zinthuzi zimapereka chizuliro komanso kusinthasintha mukakhala yotsika mtengo kuposa njira zina.
Ubwino: Zipatso zina, mongaAbsndiPvc, ndizosavuta kuumba ndipo zimafunikira nthawi yocheperako popanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotsika mtengo. Kuti mumve zambiri kapena zoseweretsa zapadera,wesweTitha kusankhidwa, ngakhale zimabwera pamtengo wokwera chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake chaching'ono.

7..

Sikuti pulasitiki zonse ndizoyenera m'badwo uliwonse. Ana aang'ono, makamaka makanda ndi ana, amafunikira zida zomwe zili zofewa komanso zotetezeka, ngakhale ana okulirapo angafunike mapulasiniki okhwima komanso okhwima.

Zida zoyenera zaka: Zoseweretsa zofuna za makanda ndi ana aang'ono, zofewa, zopondera zofewaTPRndiEvanthawi zambiri osankhidwa. Zoseweretsa za ana okalamba kapena otola, zida zongaAbs,Pvc, ndipowesweFotokozerani kulimba mtima komanso zambiri zofunika kusewera kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mwa kuganizira chitetezo, kukhazikika, kukhazikika, komanso mtengo, opanga amatha kupanga zisankho zochulukirapo pazomwe amagwiritsa ntchito, ndikuonetsetsa kuti amapeza zosowa za ogula pomweponso ndikuchepetsa kuvulaza kwachilengedwe.

Tchati chofanizira cha pulasitiki

Tsopano, tiwone kuyerekezera kwa pulasitiki komwe kungathandize pakupeza zabwino kwambiri pazoseweretsa zomwe mumapanga.

Mtundu wapulasitiki	Katundu	Zogwiritsa Ntchito Zofala	Kulimba	Chitetezo	Mphamvu ya chilengedwe
Abb (acrylonile butadiene styrene)	Zolimba, zosagwirizana	A Lego, ziwerengero	⭐⭐⭐⭐	✅ Otetezeka	❌ Osasinthidwa mosavuta
Pvc (polyvinyl chloride)	Wosinthika, wopanda madzi	Zidole, Finyani Zoseweretsa	⭐⭐⭐	Matembenuzidwe aulere a ⚠️lateate otetezeka	❌ Osasinthidwa mosavuta
PP (polypropylene)	Kupepuka, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala	Magalimoto a Toy, Zotengera	⭐⭐⭐	✅ Otetezeka	✅ Kubwezeretsanso
Pe (polyethylene - hdpe & ldpe)	Osinthika, okhazikika	Plush proturing, Finyani zoseweretsa	⭐⭐⭐	✅ Otetezeka	✅ Kubwezeretsanso
Pet (polyethylene terephthalate)	Wamphamvu, wowonekera	Kuyika, mabotolo	⭐⭐⭐	✅ Otetezeka	✅ Kubwezeretsanso kwambiri
Vinyl (zofewa pvc)	Yosalala, yosinthika	Ziwerengero zophatikizika, zidole	⭐⭐⭐	Zosankha zaulere	❌ zochepa kubwezeretsanso
TPR (Mormoplastic rabar)	Zofewa, kapena mphira	Zoseweretsa zoseweretsa, zotambalala	⭐⭐⭐	✅ Otetezeka	❌ Osangobwezeretsanso
Weswe	Mwatsatanetsatane, okhazikika	Zifaniziro zophatikizika	⭐⭐⭐	✅ Otetezeka	❌ Osayambiranso
PA (Polyamide - Nylon)	Mphamvu yayikulu, kuvala	Magiya, zingwe zamakina	⭐⭐⭐⭐	✅ Otetezeka	❌ Osasinthidwa mosavuta
PC (Polycarbonate)	Zowonekera, zosagwirizana	Magalasi, zikwangwani zamagetsi	⭐⭐⭐⭐	✅ Otetezeka	❌ Zovuta kubwezeretsanso
Pla (Polylactic acid - bioplastic)	Zogulitsa	Zoseweretsa zochezeka za Eco	⭐⭐⭐	✅ Otetezeka	✅ Biodegradgele

Kodi nchifukwa ninji kuchitira kanthu pulasitiki koyipa kwa chilengedwe?

Ngakhale ali ndi zabwino, zoseweretsa pulasitiki zimayambitsa zovuta zazikulu za chilengedwe:

• Osakhala Biodegradle: Mapulasitiki ambiri amatenga zaka mazana ambiri kuti awola, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwunika kwa nthaka.
• Macroplastic chipongwe: pomwe pulasitiki imasweka, imasandulika maimidwe, omwe amadetsa nthaka ndi magwero amadzi.
• Mankhwala oopsa: Mapulasitiki ena ali ndi mankhwala ovulaza omwe amatha kumera ku chilengedwe.
• Kapangidwe kawonda kaboni: Kupanga pulasitiki kumafuna mafuta osungirako zinthu zakale, zomwe zimathandizira mpweya wamakani.

Kodi zoseweretsa pulasitiki zimabwezeredwa?

Kubwezeretsanso pulasitiki yapulasindula kumakhala kovuta chifukwa cha kusakaniza kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana yapulasitiki, utoto, ndi zigawo zophatikizika. Komabe, pulasitiki zina, monga pet (polyethylene terephthalate) ndi hdpe (kwambiri polyethylene), amabwezeretsanso. Opanga zidole zambiri tsopano akutsatira ma bioplastics ndikubwezeretsanso mapulasti obwezeretsanso zachilengedwe.

Kodi zoseweretsa pulasitiki zimabwezeredwa?

Kodi zoseweretsa za pulasitiki zimapangidwa bwanji?

Kupanga pulasitiki kumaphatikizapo kuwumba nyuzipepala, kuwumba, komanso kuwumba. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kusankha nkhuyu, ndikutenthetsa pulasitiki, jendaseni mu nkhungu, kuziziritsa, ndikutsiriza ndi penti kapena msonkhano.

Pansipa pali njira yopangira pulasitiki ku zoseweretsa za Weijon.

Mapeto

Plstics monga pvc, vinyl, absproplene (ma pp), ndi polyethylene (pe) atakhala kuti akusankha ku chidole chawo, kulimba mtima, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo. Komabe, monga nkhawa za kuchuluka kwa chitetezo ndi chilengedwe. Ku Weijun, timayang'ananso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, zotetezeka zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyeso yamayiko ena. Tikuvomereza kuti mtundu wake ndi opanga ngati Weijon, omwe amadzipereka ku chitetezo chonsecho ndi zatsopano popanga zinthu zosangalatsa komanso zabwino.

Lolani USIinul akhale wopanga pulasitiki wodalirika

Zovala za ku Weijn zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ya oem & odm pluet, othandizira amapanga ziwonetsero zamapulogalamu pogwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki PVC, abs, vinyl, TPRP, ndi zina zambiri. Lumikizanani nafe lero. Gulu lathu lidzakupatsirani mawu osakanikirana ndi aulere ASAP.

Pezani mawu aulere