Mabungwe osachita phindu, atolankhani, ndi anthu onse amatha kutsitsa zithunzi kuchokera patsamba la MIT Press Office pansi pa chilolezo cha Creative Commons Attribution chosagulitsa, chosachokera.Simuyenera kusintha zithunzi zomwe zaperekedwa, koma muzingodula mpaka kukula koyenera.Ngongole ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokopera zithunzi;Ngongole ya "MIT" yazithunzi pokhapokha zitalembedwa pansipa.
Chithandizo chatsopano cha kutentha chomwe chimapangidwa ku MIT chimasintha mawonekedwe a microstructure azitsulo zosindikizidwa za 3D, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zikhale zamphamvu komanso zosagwirizana ndi kutentha kwambiri.Ukadaulowu utha kupangitsa kusindikiza kwa 3D kwa masamba owoneka bwino komanso mavane opangira ma turbines agasi ndi injini za jet zomwe zimapanga magetsi, zomwe zimathandizira mapangidwe atsopano kuti achepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta komanso mphamvu zamagetsi.
Masiku ano ma turbine a gasi amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yachikhalidwe yomwe zitsulo zosungunuka zimatsanuliridwa m'mawonekedwe ovuta ndikukhazikika molunjika.Zigawozi zimapangidwa kuchokera kuzitsulo zina zazitsulo zosagwira kutentha kwambiri padziko lapansi, zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zizizungulira mothamanga kwambiri mu mpweya wotentha kwambiri, kuchotsa ntchito yopangira magetsi m'mafakitale opangira magetsi ndi kupereka mphamvu kwa injini za jet.
Pali chidwi chowonjezeka pakupanga masamba opangira turbine pogwiritsa ntchito kusindikiza kwa 3D, komwe, kuwonjezera pa zopindulitsa zachilengedwe ndi zachuma, zimalola opanga kupanga mwachangu masamba okhala ndi ma geometries ovuta komanso opatsa mphamvu.Koma kuyesetsa kusindikiza masamba a 3D sikunathetse vuto limodzi lalikulu: kukwawa.
Muzitsulo, zokwawa zimamveka ngati chizolowezi chachitsulo kuti chisasinthe mosasinthika pansi pa zovuta zamakina ndi kutentha kwambiri.Pamene ofufuzawo anali kufufuza kuthekera kwa kusindikiza masamba a turbine, adapeza kuti njira yosindikizira imapanga njere zabwino kuyambira makumi khumi mpaka mazana a micrometers-microstructure yomwe imakonda kukwawa.
"Pochita izi, izi zikutanthauza kuti turbine ya gasi idzakhala ndi moyo waufupi kapena idzakhala yochepa," adatero Zachary Cordero, pulofesa wa Boeing wa ndege ku MIT."Izi ndi zotsatira zoyipa zokwera mtengo."
Cordero ndi ogwira nawo ntchito apeza njira yopititsira patsogolo mapangidwe a 3D osindikizidwa aloyi powonjezera njira yowonjezera kutentha yomwe imatembenuza mbewu zabwino zazinthu zosindikizidwa kukhala njere zazikulu za "columnar" - mawonekedwe amphamvu kwambiri omwe amachepetsa kuthekera kwa zinthuzo.zakuthupi chifukwa "zipilala" zimagwirizana ndi olamulira azovuta kwambiri.Njira yomwe yafotokozedwa lero mu Additive Manufacturing imatsegula njira yosindikizira mafakitale a 3D a turbine blades, ofufuza akutero.
"Posachedwapa, tikuyembekeza opanga makina opangira gasi kuti asindikize masamba awo m'mafakitale akuluakulu opangira zowonjezera ndikuzikonza pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwathu," adatero Cordero."Kusindikiza kwa 3D kumathandizira zomangamanga zatsopano zoziziritsa kukhosi zomwe zitha kupangitsa kuti ma turbines azitentha kwambiri, kuwalola kupanga mphamvu yofanana ndikuwotcha mafuta ochepa ndipo pamapeto pake amatulutsa mpweya wocheperako."
Phunziro la Cordero linalembedwa ndi olemba otsogolera Dominic Pichi, Christopher Carter, ndi Andres Garcia-Jiménez wa Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Anugrahapradha Mukundan ndi Marie-Agatha Sharpan wa yunivesite ya Illinois ku Urbana-Champaign, ndi Donovan Leonard wa Oak. Ridge National Laboratory.
Njira yatsopano ya gululi ndi mawonekedwe a recrystallization yotsogolera, chithandizo cha kutentha chomwe chimasuntha zinthu kudera lotentha pamlingo woyendetsedwa bwino, kusakaniza tinthu tating'ono tating'ono ta zinthuzo kukhala zazikulu, zamphamvu, zofananira makhiristo.
Directional recrystallization idapangidwa zaka 80 zapitazo ndipo idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzinthu zopunduka.Mu phunziro lawo latsopano, gulu la MIT lagwiritsa ntchito recrystallization yolunjika ku ma superalloys osindikizidwa a 3D.
Gululo linayesa njirayi pazitsulo zosindikizidwa za nickel-based superalloys za 3D, zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magetsi.Pazoyeserera zingapo, ochita kafukufukuwo adayika zitsanzo zosindikizidwa za 3D za ma superalloy ngati ndodo m'malo osambira am'madzi otentha m'chipinda pansi pa koyilo yolowera.Anatulutsa pang'onopang'ono ndodo iliyonse m'madzi ndikudutsa pa koyilo pa liwiro losiyana, ndikuwotcha kwambiri ndodozo mpaka kutentha kwapakati pa 1200 mpaka 1245 digiri Celsius.
Iwo anapeza kuti kukoka ndodo pa liwiro linalake (2.5 millimeters pa ola) ndi pa kutentha kwina (1235 madigiri Celsius) amalenga otsetsereka kutentha gradient kuti kumayambitsa kusintha kwa microstructure chabwino-grained wa kusindikiza TV.
"Zinthu zimayamba ngati tinthu ting'onoting'ono tokhala ndi zolakwika zomwe zimatchedwa dislocation, monga spaghetti wosweka," adatero Cordero.“Mukatenthetsa zinthuzo, zolakwikazi zimatha ndikumanganso, ndipo mbewu zimakula.m’kumwetsa zinthu zosalongosoka ndi mbewu zing’onozing’ono—njira yotchedwa recrystallization.”
Atatha kuziziritsa ndodo zotenthedwa ndi kutentha, ochita kafukufukuwo adayang'ana ma microstructure awo pogwiritsa ntchito ma microscopes optical ndi electron ndipo adapeza kuti tinthu tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'onoting'ono tapangidwa m'malo ndi "columnar" mbewu, kapena madera aatali ngati kristalo omwe anali aakulu kwambiri kuposa oyambirira. mbewu..
"Tidakonzanso kwathunthu," adatero wolemba wamkulu Dominic Peach."Tikuwonetsa kuti titha kukulitsa kukula kwambewu ndi maulalo angapo kuti tipange mbewu zambiri, zomwe ziyenera kupangitsa kuti zinthu zisinthe kwambiri."
Gululi linasonyezanso kuti likhoza kulamulira kuchuluka kwa kukoka ndi kutentha kwa zitsanzo za ndodo kuti ziwongolere bwino mbewu zomwe zikukula, ndikupanga zigawo za kukula kwake kwambewu ndi maonekedwe.Kuwongolera uku kumatha kulola opanga kusindikiza masamba a turbine okhala ndi ma microstructures enieni omwe amatha kupangidwa mogwirizana ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito, akutero Cordero.
Cordero akukonzekera kuyesa kutentha kwa magawo osindikizidwa a 3D pafupi ndi masamba a turbine.Gululi likuyang'ananso njira zopititsira patsogolo mphamvu zamphamvu komanso kuyesa kukana kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kutentha.Kenako amalingalira kuti chithandizo cha kutentha chikhoza kuthandizira kugwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira a 3D kuti apange masamba a turbine opangidwa ndi mafakitale okhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta kwambiri.
"Mabala atsopano ndi ma blade geometry apanga ma turbine a gasi okhazikika pamtunda ndipo, pamapeto pake, injini zandege zizikhala zopatsa mphamvu," adatero Cordero."Kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri, izi zitha kuchepetsa mpweya wa CO2 pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a zidazi."
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-15-2022
