1. Chitukuko cha mafakitale:
Makampani opanga zoseweretsa zapakhomo adzakhala otsika kwambiri opanga mpaka opanga apamwamba komanso odziyimira pawokha pakupanga mtundu Pakali pano, unyolo wamakampani opanga zidole umagawika makamaka pakufufuza kwazinthu ndi kapangidwe ka chitukuko, kupanga ndi kupanga, kutsatsa kwamtundu ulalo atatu. Mtengo wowonjezera wachuma wa maulalo osiyanasiyana ndi wosiyananso, momwe kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha chitukuko ndi malonda a malonda akukhala pamwamba pa mndandanda wonse wa mafakitale, mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri wowonjezera chuma, pamene kupanga ndi kutsika kwamtengo wapatali.
2.Chitukuko chachigawo: Guangdong ili ndi ubwino woonekeratu
Kukula kwa magulu a mafakitale m'makampani opanga zidole ku China ndizodziwikiratu. Mabizinesi achidole aku China ali ndi mawonekedwe ogawa madera, makamaka ku Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai ndi madera ena am'mphepete mwa nyanja. Pankhani yamitundu yazogulitsa, mabizinesi aku Guangdong amatulutsa makamaka zidole zamagetsi ndi pulasitiki; Mabizinesi osewerera m'chigawo cha Zhejiang makamaka amapanga zidole zamatabwa; Mabizinesi ochita zidole m'chigawo cha Jiangsu nthawi zambiri amatulutsa zoseweretsa komanso zidole zanyama. Guangdong ndiye msika waukulu kwambiri waku China wopanga zidole ndikutumiza kunja, malinga ndi ziwerengero za 2020 zikuwonetsa kuti zoseweretsa zonse za Guangdong zidafika $ 13.385 biliyoni zaku US, zomwe ndi 70% yazogulitsa zonse mdziko muno. Dongguan City, monga amodzi mwa madera omwe ali ndi mabizinesi opanga zidole kwambiri, luso laukadaulo la sayansi ndiukadaulo komanso zida zapamwamba kwambiri zaukadaulo ku Guangdong, zapanga chilengedwe chamakampani okhwima komanso athunthu, ndipo masango amakampani akuwonekera, malinga ndiZiwerengero za Dongguan Customs, mu 2022, zotumiza za Dongguan zogulitsa kunja zidafika 14.23 biliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa 32,8%.
Kupanga chidole ku China makamaka OEM. Ngakhale China ndi dziko lalikulu lopanga zidole, mabizinesi otumiza zidole makamaka ndi OEM OEM, pomwe zopitilira 70% za zoseweretsa zotumiza kunja zimakhala za pokonza kapena kukonza zitsanzo. Mitundu yodziyimira yokha yaku China imayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zapakatikati komanso zotsika, ndipo zili kumapeto kwa unyolo wamakampani padziko lonse lapansi gawo lazantchito. Mtundu wa OEM umadalira kuyitanitsa kuchokera kwa opanga mtundu wapanyumba ndi akunja, ndipo phindu limachokera makamaka pamtengo wowonjezera pakupanga. Kamangidwe ka tchanelo ndi kopanda ungwiro, chikoka cha mtundu chikusowa, ndipo mphamvu zogulitsirana ndizochepa. Ndi kukwera kosalekeza kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndi ndalama zogulira, mabizinesi omwe alibe mpikisano woyambira komanso kusapeza phindu adzakumana ndi zovuta zogwirira ntchito. Msika wamsika wapakati komanso wapamwamba kwambiri umakhala ndi zida zodziwika bwino zakunja monga Mattel ndi Hasbro ku United States, Bandai ndi Tome ku Japan, ndi Lego ku Denmark.
3.Kusanthula kwa Patent: Kupitilira 80% ya ma patent okhudzana ndi zidole ndi apangidwe
Zambiri zikuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa ma patent omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani aku China amagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwachuma cha China. Kumbali ina, kuzama kwa kusintha kwa China ndikutsegula kwamasula mphamvu zochulukirapo, kukonza zomangamanga, ndalama zabwino komanso malo abizinesi, komanso kukonza malamulo kuti alimbikitse zatsopano. Munthawi ino, kuthekera kwachitukuko chamitundu yonse ku China kwatulutsidwa kwathunthu, kuphatikiza zoseweretsa, magawo onse amoyo atenga mwayi wakale wotukuka ndikukula.
Kumbali ina, ndi chitukuko chofulumira cha sayansi ndi ukadaulo wapadziko lonse lapansi, zatsopano zimathandizira kwambiri kuyendetsa chuma. Chiwerengero cha mapulogalamu a patent okhudzana ndi "zoseweretsa" chaposa 10,000 pazaka zitatu zapitazi (2020-2022), ndipo kuchuluka kwa mapulogalamu ndi opitilira 12,000. Zinthu zopitilira 15,000 ndi zinthu zopitilira 13,000. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyambira Januware 2023, kuchuluka kwa zofunsira zoseweretsa zafika kupitilira 4,500.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro amtundu wa setifiketi ya chidole, zoposa 80% za ma patent omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe okongola komanso osiyanasiyana, omwe ndi osavuta kukopa chidwi cha ana; Chitsanzo chothandizira ndi ma Patent opangidwa ndi 15.9% ndi 3.8% motsatana.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa zoseweretsa zamtengo wapatali ndizokulirapo, ndipo mabizinesi amakhalanso ndi chidwi chofuna kupanga zatsopano.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-25-2024
